Iberoamerican Journal of Medicine
https://iberoamjmed.com/article/doi/10.53986/ibjm.2026.0021
Iberoamerican Journal of Medicine
Case Report

Mandibular Osteomyelitis as a Complication of Ludwig’s Angina – Case Report

Osteomielitis mandibular como complicación de la angina de Ludwig: informe de un caso

Harvey Eduardo Melo Andrade, Miguel Eduardo Obando Guerrón, Víctor Martínez Parada, Daniela Peña Rojas, Paula Andrea López Garzon, María Alejandra Obando Guerrón

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Abstract

Introduction: Ludwig’s angina is a rapidly progressing gangrenous cellulitis that involves the submandibular, sublingual, and submental spaces. Its standard management is based on three pillars: securing the airway, broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, and surgical drainage. The coexistence of simultaneous active infectious foci—a deep submandibular abscess and mandibular osteomyelitis—along with resolution of the abscess without surgical drainage constitutes an exceptional presentation that is rarely documented in the medical literature.
Clinical Case: A 48-year-old male patient with a history of hypertension presented with a one-week history of left lower mandibular pain, a left submandibular mass, odynophagia, and purulent discharge at the base of the tongue, with progressive deterioration leading to acute respiratory failure that required orotracheal intubation. Ludwig’s angina with an abscess causing airway collapse was diagnosed, along with mandibular osteomyelitis confirmed identified intraoperatively during dental extraction and debridement. Intravenous antibiotic therapy was indicated, along with conservative management without surgical drainage of the submandibular abscess. Progressive resolution of the submandibular abscess was observed under treatment, with successful extubation on the sixth day of invasive mechanical ventilation.
Conclusions: This case documents an unusual presentation of Ludwig’s angina with multiple foci of infection and associated bone involvement.

Keywords

Osteomyleitis; Ludwig’s angina; Antibiotic; Drainage

Resumen

Introducción: La angina de Ludwig es una celulitis gangrenosa de rápida progresión que afecta los espacios submandibular, sublingual y submentoniano. Su tratamiento estándar se basa en tres pilares: asegurar la vía aérea, terapia con antibióticos de amplio espectro y drenaje quirúrgico. La coexistencia de focos infecciosos activos simultáneos —un absceso submandibular profundo y osteomielitis mandibular— junto con la resolución del absceso sin drenaje quirúrgico constituye una presentación excepcional, raramente documentada en la literatura médica.
Caso clínico: Un paciente varón de 48 años con antecedentes de hipertensión presentó un cuadro clínico de una semana de evolución caracterizado por dolor en la mandíbula inferior izquierda, una masa submandibular izquierda, odinofagia y secreción purulenta en la base de la lengua, con deterioro progresivo que derivó en insuficiencia respiratoria aguda que requirió intubación orotraqueal. Se diagnosticó angina de Ludwig con un absceso que causó colapso de la vía aérea, junto con osteomielitis mandibular confirmada intraoperatoriamente durante una extracción dental y desbridamiento. Se indicó terapia antibiótica intravenosa, junto con un tratamiento conservador sin drenaje quirúrgico del absceso submandibular. Se observó una resolución progresiva del absceso submandibular durante el tratamiento, con extubación exitosa al sexto día de ventilación mecánica invasiva.
Conclusiones: Este caso documenta una presentación inusual de la angina de Ludwig con múltiples focos de infección y afectación ósea asociada.

Palabras clave

Osteomielitis; Angina de Ludwig; Antibiótico; Drenaje

References

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Submitted date:
04/27/2026

Reviewed date:
07/07/2026

Accepted date:
08/17/2026

Publication date:
08/20/2026

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