Surgical site infections prevalence among caesarean section patients
Prevalencia de infecciones del sitio quirúrgico entre pacientes de cesárea
Tasneem Alkout, Abdulhamid M. Alkout, Esraa Rasheed, Osama Etekbali, Fathi Abousnina, Alhadi Araibi
Abstract
Introduction: Cesarean section is one of the most prevalent surgical procedures in the world and Surgical Site Infections (SSI) are the most common complication following Cesarean section. This leads to greater patient dissatisfaction, longer hospital stays, and higher treatment costs. The aim of this retrospective study is to determine the prevalence of wound infection and the prevalence of bacterial isolates in post-Cesarean section and its sensitivity to variant antibiotics.
Material and methods: Samples were collected from patients who had developed wound infection following cesarean section and cultured on blood, chocolate and chromatic agar. The isolated bacteria was identified by ordinary microbiology techniques.
Results: Among 4,482 Cesarean section patients in Albaraa Hospital, the surgical site infections (SSI) rate was 2.94 %. Microorganisms isolated from these cases included Candida albicans at a rate of 0.11%. The remaining 2.83% were bacterial isolates, with 70.1% being gram-positive bacteria significantly higher than the 29.9% attributed to gram-negative bacteria (P = 0.01). The main bacteria isolates were Staphylococcus aureus (37.8%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (23.6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11.4%), Klebsiella pneumonia (8.3%), Escherichia coli (5.3%) and Alpha hemolytic Streptococcus (3.8%)
Conclusions: The SSI rate in this study was at the lower limit of the WHO predicted infection rate and the bacterial isolates were sensitive to many antibiotics. This result may be due to the pre, intra and postoperative prophylactic antibiotics administered to patients and other factors such as short hospital stay and staff training in aseptic techniques. This study recommends further assessment of SSI in alternative surgical procedures, and assess the efficiency of prophylactic antibiotics in alternative surgeries in Libya.
Keywords
Resumen
Introducción: La cesárea es uno de los procedimientos quirúrgicos más frecuentes en el mundo y las infecciones del sitio quirúrgico (ISQ) son la complicación más común después de una cesárea. Esto conduce a una mayor insatisfacción de las pacientes, estancias hospitalarias más prolongadas y mayores costos de tratamiento. El objetivo de este estudio retrospectivo es determinar la prevalencia de la infección de la herida y la prevalencia de aislamientos bacterianos en el post-cesárea y su sensibilidad a los antibióticos variantes.
Material y métodos: Se recogieron muestras de pacientes que habían desarrollado una infección de la herida después de una cesárea y se cultivaron en agar sangre, chocolate y cromático. Las bacterias aisladas se identificaron mediante técnicas de microbiología ordinarias.
Resultados: Entre 4.482 pacientes de cesárea en el Hospital Albaraa, la tasa de infecciones del sitio quirúrgico (ISQ) fue del 2,94%. Los microorganismos aislados de estos casos incluyeron Candida albicans a una tasa del 0,11%. El 2,83% restante fueron aislamientos bacterianos, de los cuales el 70,1 % fueron bacterias grampositivas, significativamente más altas que el 29,9% atribuido a bacterias gramnegativas (P = 0,01). Los principales aislamientos bacterianos fueron Staphylococcus aureus (37,8%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (23,6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11,4%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (8,3%), Escherichia coli (5,3%) y Streptococcus alfa hemolítico (3,8%)
Conclusiones: La tasa de SSI en este estudio estuvo en el límite inferior de la tasa de infección predicha por la OMS y los aislamientos bacterianos fueron sensibles a muchos antibióticos. Este resultado puede deberse a los antibióticos profilácticos pre, intra y posoperatorios administrados a los pacientes y a otros factores como la corta estancia hospitalaria y la formación del personal en técnicas asépticas. Este estudio recomienda una evaluación adicional de la SSI en procedimientos quirúrgicos alternativos y evaluar la eficacia de los antibióticos profilácticos en cirugías alternativas en Libia.
Palabras clave
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Submitted date:
06/29/2024
Reviewed date:
11/18/2024
Accepted date:
12/21/2024
Publication date:
12/22/2024
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