Iberoamerican Journal of Medicine
https://iberoamjmed.com/article/doi/10.53986/ibjm.2024.0003
Iberoamerican Journal of Medicine
Original article

Evaluation of Mothers’ Sociodemographic Characteristics and Infant Feeding Attitudes During Pregnancy According to the Iowa Feeding Attitude Scale and Examining the Scale’s Role in Determining Breastfeeding Duration

Evaluación de las características sociodemográficas de las madres y las actitudes hacia la alimentación infantile durante el embarazo según la escala de actitud hacia la alimentación de Iowa y examen del papel de la escala en la determinación de la duración de la lactancia materna

Efnan Aydın, Hüseyin Dağ, Özgül Yiğit

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Abstract

Introduction: The World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the initial 6 months of life, followed by the introduction of supplementary foods together with breast milk after 6 months, and then continuing to breastfeed until the child reaches 2 years of age. Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) was developed to identify which infant feeding methods pregnant women are more inclined towards during the early stages of pregnancy. In our study, we aimed to assess the feeding practices of mothers using the IIFAS.
Material and methods: The study was planned with consenting pregnant women who applied to the gynaecology clinic, pregnancy outpatient clinic and pediatric outpatient clinic of our hospital. Those who had problems such as drug use, chronic disease, psychological disorder, anatomical disorder that would prevent breastfeeding, syndromic condition, indication for hospitalisation were excluded from the study. A questionnaire regarding the demographic profile of the mothers and the IIFAS was filled out. Subsequently, face-to-face interviews were conducted with the mothers on the seventh day, third month, and sixth month to gather information.
Results: The study was completed with 96 mothers. According to the IOWA infant feeding scale scores of the mothers, there were 26 (27.1%) mothers in the breastfeeding-prone group with a score of 70 and above and 70 (72.9%) mothers in the undecided group with a score between 49-69. Since none of the pregnant women scored between 17-48, the group predisposed to formula feeding was not formed. There were no significant variations observed between the groups with regard to age, family type, and mode of delivery; however, there was a notable disparity in the educational and informational statuses of the mothers.
Conclusions: The fact that mothers were mostly undecided about the recommendations related to the IIFAS indicates the need for information about breast milk.

Keywords

Breastfeeding; Formula feeding; IOWA scale

Resumen

Introducción: La Organización Mundial de la Salud recomienda la lactancia materna exclusiva durante los 6 meses iniciales de vida, seguida de la introducción de alimentos suplementarios junto con la leche materna a partir de los 6 meses, y luego continuar con la lactancia materna hasta que el niño cumpla los 2 años de edad. La Escala de actitud hacia la alimentación infantil de Iowa (IIFAS) se desarrolló para identificar a qué métodos de alimentación infantil se inclinan más las mujeres embarazadas durante las primeras etapas del embarazo. En nuestro estudio, nuestro objetivo fue evaluar las prácticas de alimentación de las madres utilizando el IIFAS.
Material y métodos: El estudio se planificó con el consentimiento de mujeres embarazadas que postularon a la consulta de ginecología, consulta externa de embarazo y consulta externa pediátrica de nuestro hospital. Fueron excluidos del estudio aquellos que presentaban problemas como consumo de drogas, enfermedad crónica, trastorno psicológico, trastorno anatómico que impediría la lactancia materna, condición sindrómica, indicación de hospitalización. Se llenó un cuestionario sobre el perfil demográfico de las madres y el IIFAS. Posteriormente, se realizaron entrevistas cara a cara con las madres los días séptimo día, tercer mes y sexto mes para recolectar información.
Resultados: El estudio se completó con 96 madres. Según las puntuaciones de las madres en la escala de alimentación infantil de IOWA, había 26 (27,1%) madres en el grupo propenso a amamantar con una puntuación de 70 o más y 70 (72,9%) madres en el grupo indeciso con una puntuación entre 49- 69. Dado que ninguna de las mujeres embarazadas obtuvo una puntuación entre 17 y 48, no se formó el grupo predispuesto a la alimentación con fórmula. No se observaron variaciones significativas entre los grupos con respecto a la edad, tipo de familia y modo de parto; sin embargo, hubo una disparidad notable en el estatus educativo e informativo de las madres.
Conclusiones: El hecho de que las madres estuvieran mayoritariamente indecisas sobre las recomendaciones relacionadas con el IIFAS indica la necesidad de información sobre la leche materna.

Palabras clave

Lactancia materna; Alimentación con fórmula; Escala de IOWA

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Submitted date:
08/26/2023

Reviewed date:
10/01/2023

Accepted date:
10/18/2023

Publication date:
10/31/2023

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